Conjunction is a term used in positional astronomy and astrology. It means that, as seen from some place (usually the Earth), two celestial bodies appear near one another in the sky. The event is also sometimes known as an appulse.
The astronomical and astrological symbol of conjunction is ☌ (in Unicode x260c) and handwritten:
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More generally, in the particular case of two planets, it means that they merely have the same right ascension (and hence the same hour angle). This is called conjunction in right ascension. However, there is also the term conjunction in ecliptical longitude. At such conjunction both objects have the same ecliptical longitude. Conjunction in right ascension and conjunction in ecliptical longitude do not normally take place at the same time, but in most cases nearly at the same time. However, at triple conjunctions, it is possible that a conjunction only in right ascension (or ecliptical length) occur. At the time of conjunction - it does not matter if in right ascension or in ecliptical longitude - the involved planets are close together upon the celestial sphere. In the vast majority of such cases, one of the planets will appear to pass north or south of the other.
However, if two celestial bodies attain the same declination at the time of a conjunction in right ascension (or the same ecliptical latitude at a conjunction in ecliptical longitude), the one that is closer to the Earth will pass in front of the other. In such a case, a syzygy takes place. If one object moves into the shadow of another, the event is an eclipse. For example, if the Moon passes into the shadow of Earth and disappears from view, this event is called a lunar eclipse. If the visible disk of the nearer object is considerably smaller than that of the farther object, the event is called a transit. When Mercury passes in front of the Sun, it is a transit of Mercury, and when Venus passes in front of the Sun, it is a transit of Venus. When the nearer object appears larger than the farther one, it will completely obscure its smaller companion; this is called an occultation. An example of an occultation is when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, causing the Sun to disappear either entirely or partially. This phenomenon is commonly known as a solar eclipse (though the term is a misnomer). Occultations in which the larger body is neither the Sun nor the Moon are very rare. More frequent, however, is an occultation of a planet by the Moon. Several such events are visible every year from various places on Earth.
The term conjunction primarily refers to a phenomenon defined only for the position of the observer, not just to a celestial relationship. However, e.g. for moon and sun observed from the earth, conjunction as a classifying term may apply both to the positions of conjunction (both sun and moon observed jointly in one direction or with similar ecliptical longitude) and to opposition (both sun and moon observed separately in opposite directions or with ecliptical longitude 180 degrees apart).
As seen from a planet that is superior, if an inferior planet is on the opposite side of the Sun, it is in superior conjunction with the Sun. An inferior conjunction occurs when the two planets lie in a line on the same side of the Sun. In an inferior conjunction, the superior planet is "in opposition" to the Sun as seen from the inferior planet.
The terms "inferior conjunction" and "superior conjunction" are used in particular for the planets Mercury and Venus, which are inferior planets as seen from the Earth. However, this definition can be applied to any pair of planets, as seen from the one farther from the Sun.
A planet (or asteroid or comet) is simply said to be in conjunction, when it is in conjunction with the Sun, as seen from the Earth. The Moon is in conjunction with the Sun at New Moon (or rather Dark Moon).
"Quasi-conjunctions" are also possible; in this scenario, a planet in retrograde motion — always either Mercury or Venus — will "drop back" in right ascension until it almost allows another planet to overtake it, but then the former planet will resume its forward motion and thereafter appear to draw away from it again. This will occur in the morning sky, before dawn; or the reverse may happen in the evening sky after dusk, with Mercury or Venus entering retrograde motion just as it is about to overtake another planet (often Mercury and Venus are both of the planets involved, and when this situation arises they may remain in very close visual proximity for several days or even longer). The quasi-conjunction is reckoned as occurring at the time the distance in right ascension between the two planets is smallest, even though, when declination is taken into account, they may appear closer together shortly before or after this.
On 1 December 2008, Venus, Jupiter, and the crescent moon converge in a rare conjunction to form a tight triangle in the evening after sunset, visible worldwide. It was similar to a happy "V" face, or a frowning face.[2]
A very remarkable planetary/galactic configuration occurred on 23–24 December 2007. The configuration on December 23 — Mars, Earth, Sun, Mercury, Jupiter, Galactic Centre — is shown in the graphic simulation linked below; it becomes even more remarkable in that it was accompanied by the Full Moon (conjunct Mars) at about 2 a.m. on December 24 when a simultaneous Venus square Neptune occurred. It is even more remarkable in that the Pluto/Sun conjunction appears exactly on the December Solstice, just past conjunction with the Galactic Centre.
Link below is the view from Mars toward the Jupiter, Mars, Earth, Mercury, Pluto alignment toward the Galactic Centre on 23 December 2007 which occurs just after the Pluto/Jupiter (Heliocentric) conjunction on 23 November 2007. NASA Solar System Simulator for 23 December 2007
Solar System on 22 December 2007. What is not shown is Pluto (which would be to Jupiter's right) Saturn, which follows down from Venus, and Uranus and Neptune. Saturn and Neptune form the cross's t-member. It is a 23/12 configuration. There will be a full moon on 23 December 2007.
In late April 2002, a rare great conjunction occurred; in which Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus and Mercury were all visible concomitantly in the west-northwest sky, shortly after sundown; this will happen again in early July 2060, except that on that occasion the quintet will be bunched in the east-northeast sky, shortly before dawn.
In May 2000, the five brightest planets aligned within 20° of the Sun, as seen from the Earth. This could not be observed since they were too close to the Sun.
On August 24, 1987, the five objects closest to Earth — the Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus and Mars — were within approximately 5° of one another, the Sun setting first, followed by Mars, Venus, Mercury and the Moon, in that order, within 20 minutes. As in the 2000 conjunction above, this event was unobservable due to the Sun being part of the line-up.
During the new moon and solar eclipse of February 4–5, 1962, an extremely rare great conjunction of the classical planets occurred (it included all five of the naked-eye planets plus the Sun and Moon), all of them within 16° of one another on the ecliptic. At the precise moment of the new moon/solar eclipse, five celestial bodies (the Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, and Jupiter) were clustered within 3° of each other, with the Earth in close conjunction with them. Taken in totality though, this grand conjunction included the Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, with the Earth also in alignment with the Sun and Moon at the exact moment of the new moon/solar eclipse (eight celestial bodies in total).
During the new moon on December 2–3, 1899, a near-grand conjunction of the classical planets and several other binocular bodies occurred. The Sun, Moon, Mercury, Mars and Saturn were all within 15° of each other, with Venus 5° ahead of this conjunction and Jupiter 15° behind. Accompanying the classical planets in this grand conjunction were Uranus (technically visible unaided in pollution-free skies) Ceres and Pallas.
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 4, 2005 | 07:04:06 | Venus | 7°27' south of | Pluto | 20,8° West |
| January 5, 2005 | 00:58:49 | Mercury | 6°59' south of | Pluto | 21,6° West |
| January 14, 2005 | 00:40:51 | Mercury | 21' south of | Venus | 18.5° West |
| January 29, 2005 | 07:05:35 | Mars | 8°15' south of | Pluto | 45,5° West |
| February 8, 2005 | 01:29:22 | Mercury | 2°04' south of | Neptune | 4.2° West |
| February 14, 2005 | 19:15:10 | Venus | 58' south of | Neptune | 10.7° West |
| February 20, 2005 | 00:46:34 | Mercury | 1°00' south of | Uranus | 4.9° East |
| March 4, 2005 | 03:31:36 | Venus | 41' south of | Uranus | 6.6° West |
| March 28, 2005 | 22:31:53 | Mercury | 4°49' north of | Venus | 1.5° West |
| April 13, 2005 | 00:26:23 | Mars | 1°15' south of | Neptune | 66.0° West |
| May 14, 2005 | 20:24:10 | Mars | 1°11' south of | Uranus | 73.8° West |
| June 25, 2005 | 21:22:52 | Venus | 1°18' north of | Saturn | 22.8° East |
| June 26, 2005 | 06:13:43 | Mercury | 1°25' north of | Saturn | 22.5° East |
| June 27, 2005 | 20:18:55 | Mercury | 5' south of | Venus | 23.3° East |
| July 7, 2005 | 08:21:22 | Mercury | 1°38' south of | Venus | 25.8° East |
| September 2, 2005 | 12:05:52 | Venus | 1°22' south of | Jupiter | 38.7° East |
| October 6, 2005 | 07:01:37 | Mercury | 1°28' south of | Jupiter | 12.6° East |
| October 29, 2005 | 16:11:20 | Venus | 11°08' south of | Pluto | 46,8° East |
| December 31, 2005 | 15:55:12 | Mercury | 7°36' south of | Pluto | 14,9° West |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 17, 2006 | 02:23:03 | Mercury | 7°53'south of | Venus | 6.5° West |
| February 1, 2006 | 12:13:51 | Mercury | 1°57' north of | Neptune | 4.5° East |
| February 14, 2006 | 15:40:57 | Mercury | 2' north of | Uranus | 14.1° East |
| March 26, 2006 | 21:02:41 | Venus | 1°52' north of | Neptune | 46.5° West |
| April 18, 2006 | 12:27:31 | Venus | 19' north of | Uranus | 45.0° West |
| June 17, 2006 | 22:50:40 | Mars | 35' north of | Saturn | 42.0° East |
| August 20, 2006 | 22:40:10 | Mercury | 31' north of | Saturn | 11.2° West |
| August 26, 2006 | 23:09:47 | Venus | 4' north of | Saturn | 16.3° West |
| September 15, 2006 | 20:32:28 | Mercury | 10' south of | Mars | 12.1° East |
| October 24, 2006 | 19:44:11 | Venus | 43' north of | Mars | 0.6° West |
| October 25, 2006 | 21:42:16 | Mercury | 3°56' south of | Jupiter | 21.2° East |
| October 28, 2006 | 16:32:15 | Mercury | 3°43' south of | Jupiter | 19.1° East |
| November 7, 2006 | 13:36:58 | Mercury | 1°14' south of | Venus | 2.8° East |
| November 11, 2006 | 17:51:38 | Mercury | 39' north of | Mars | 6.2° West |
| November 15, 2006 | 22:52:15 | Venus | 27' south of | Jupiter | 4.8° East |
| December 8, 2006 | 07:56:23 | Venus | 7°30' south of | Pluto | 10,3° East |
| December 9, 2006 | 20:17:18 | Mercury | 1°02' north of | Mars | 15.1° West |
| December 10, 2006 | 16:31:09 | Mercury | 8' north of | Jupiter | 14.8° West |
| December 11, 2006 | 23:34:02 | Mars | 49' south of | Jupiter | 15.7° West |
| December 25, 2006 | 22:36:44 | Mercury | 7°48' south of | Pluto | 15.7° West |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 13, 2007 | 14:35:37 | Mars | 7°19' south of | Pluto | 25,4° West |
| January 18, 2007 | 18:10:50 | Venus | 1°25' south of | Neptune | 20.1° East |
| January 26, 2007 | 06:46:07 | Mercury | 1°28' south of | Neptune | 12.7° East |
| February 7, 2007 | 13:13:57 | Venus | 44' south of | Uranus | 24.6° East |
| March 25, 2007 | 07:23:59 | Mars | 1°00' south of | Neptune | 43.2° West |
| April 1, 2007 | 06:59:14 | Mercury | 1°37' south of | Uranus | 25.0° West |
| April 28, 2007 | 18:57:38 | Mars | 44' south of | Uranus | 50.6° West |
| July 2, 2007 | 00:44:38 | Venus | 46' south of | Saturn | 42.6° East |
| August 9, 2007 | 08:46:28 | Venus | 8°29' south of | Saturn | 10.6° East |
| August 15, 2007 | 22:59:23 | Mercury | 10°04' north of | Venus | 1.8° East |
| August 18, 2007 | 11:30:22 | Mercury | 30' north of | Saturn | 3.2° East |
| October 15, 2007 | 14:05:43 | Venus | 2°56' south of | Saturn | 45,8° West |
| December 12, 2007 | 04:24:10 | Jupiter | 6°07' south of | Pluto | 8,7° East |
| December 19, 2007 | 19:58:57 | Mercury | 7°50' south of | Pluto | 2,0° East |
| December 20, 2007 | 21:46:21 | Mercury | 1°48' south of | Jupiter | 1,9° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 23, 2008 | 04:14:53 | Mercury | 20' north of | Neptune | 18.5° East |
| January 24, 2008 | 06:59:58 | Venus | 5°10' south of | Pluto | 33.7° West |
| February 1, 2008 | 04:14:53 | Mercury | 3°11' north of | Neptune | 9° East |
| February 1, 2008 | 12:35:21 | Venus | 35' north of | Jupiter | 32° West |
| February 26, 2008 | 02:34:04 | Mercury | 1°20' north of | Venus | 26.1° West |
| March 6, 2008 | 20:14:29 | Venus | 36' south of | Neptune | 24° West |
| March 9, 2008 | 02:48:02 | Mercury | 56' south of | Neptune | 26.2° West |
| March 23, 2008 | 10:13:50 | Mercury | 1°03' south of | Venus | 20.3° West |
| March 27, 2008 | 17:00:46 | Venus | 45' south of | Uranus | 18.6° West |
| June 8, 2008 | 00:51:42 | Mercury | 2°59' south of | Venus | 0.3° West |
| July 11, 2008 | 06:27:25 | Mars | 42' south of | Saturn | 46.2° East |
| August 13, 2008 | 19:02:26 | Venus | 14' south of | Saturn | 18° East |
| August 16, 2008 | 00:03:43 | Mercury | 42' south of | Saturn | 16.1° East |
| August 23, 2008 | 05:08:57 | Mercury | 1°15' south of | Venus | 20.5° East |
| September 11, 2008 | 04:50:56 | Mercury | 3°34' south of | Venus | 25.4° East |
| September 11, 2008 | 20:36:33 | Venus | 20' north of | Mars | 25.5° East |
| September 12, 2008 | 20:59:16 | Mercury | 3°26' south of | Mars | 25.3° East |
| September 19, 2008 | 05:13:06 | Mercury | 4°08' south of | Mars | 23.3° East |
| November 12, 2008 | 06:27:14 | Venus | 7°53' south of | Pluto | 39.4° East |
| December 1, 2008 | 00:36:13 | Venus | 2°02' south of | Jupiter | 42.7° East |
| December 12, 2008 | 18:12:39 | Mercury | 7°44' south of | Pluto | 9.6° East |
| December 27, 2008 | 01:50:46 | Venus | 1°45' south of | Neptune | 46.2° East |
| December 28, 2008 | 18:13:36 | Mars | 6°22' south of | Pluto | 6.3° West |
| December 31, 2008 | 05:54:23 | Mercury | 1°17' south of | Jupiter | 18.6° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 18, 2009 | 06:19:19 | Mercury | 3°15' north of | Jupiter | 4.7° East |
| January 23, 2009 | 15:34:10 | Venus | 1°24' north of | Uranus | 46.3° East |
| January 26, 2009 | 18:23:39 | Mercury | 4°25' north of | Mars | 13.5° West |
| February 17, 2009 | 09:35:27 | Mars | 35' south of | Jupiter | 18.8° West |
| February 24, 2009 | 03:08:31 | Mercury | 37' north of | Jupiter | 24.1° West |
| March 1, 2009 | 20:21:59 | Mercury | 36' south of | Mars | 21.8° West |
| March 5, 2009 | 00:52:04 | Mercury | 1°39' south of | Neptune | 19.9° West |
| March 8, 2009 | 04:18:03 | Mars | 48' south of | Neptune | 22.9° West |
| March 21, 2009 | 21:36:59 | Mercury | 1°24' south of | Uranus | 8.3° West |
| March 27, 2009 | 11:31:44 | Mercury | 10°37' south of | Venus | 4° West |
| April 15, 2009 | 03:46:10 | Mars | 28' south of | Uranus | 30.9° West |
| April 18, 2009 | 16:22:43 | Venus | 5°36' north of | Mars | 29.8° West |
| May 25, 2009 | 14:20:29 | Jupiter | 24' south of | Neptune | 98° West |
| June 19, 2009 | 14:16:32 | Venus | 2°02' south of | Mars | 44.6° West |
| July 13, 2009 | 17:22:12 | Jupiter | 37' south of | Neptune | 145.5° West |
| August 18, 2009 | 21:20:26 | Mercury | 3°27' south of | Saturn | 25.4° East |
| September 20, 2009 | 12:26:59 | Mercury | 5°24' south of | Saturn | 3° West |
| October 8, 2009 | 09:19:27 | Mercury | 19' south of | Saturn | 17.6° West |
| October 13, 2009 | 15:39:41 | Venus | 34' south of | Saturn | 22.1° West |
| December 7, 2009 | 06:57:29 | Mercury | 7°29' south of | Pluto | 17.1° East |
| December 20, 2009 | 05:35:39 | Jupiter | 34' south of | Neptune | 55.6° East |
| December 28, 2009 | 04:21:10 | Venus | 5°24' south of | Pluto | 3.5° West |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 5, 2010 | 07:30:46 | Mercury | 3°26' north of | Venus | 1.7° West |
| February 7, 2010 | 22:43:25 | Venus | 1°04' south of | Neptune | 6.6° East |
| February 16, 2010 | 21:09:36 | Venus | 35' south of | Jupiter | 8.8° East |
| February 27, 2010 | 05:07:37 | Mercury | 1°48' south of | Neptune | 11.9° West |
| March 3, 2010 | 22:43:19 | Venus | 40' south of | Uranus | 12.4° East |
| March 7, 2010 | 19:00:44 | Mercury | 1°11' south of | Jupiter | 5.7° West |
| March 15, 2010 | 17:56:56 | Mercury | 44' south of | Uranus | 1.6° East |
| June 6, 2010 | 18:30:37 | Jupiter | 28' south of | Uranus | 75.7° West |
| August 1, 2010 | 19:41:06 | Mars | 1°56' south of | Saturn | 51.5° East |
| August 10, 2010 | 01:44:26 | Venus | 3°8' south of | Saturn | 44.4° East |
| August 23, 2010 | 21:29:05 | Venus | 2°27' south of | Mars | 44.9° East |
| September 22, 2010 | 19:53:12 | Jupiter | 53' south of | Uranus | 177.8° East |
| September 29, 2010 | 06:21:23 | Venus | 6°30' south of | Mars | 33.7° East |
| October 8, 2010 | 14:57:51 | Mercury | 35' south of | Saturn | 6.5° West |
| October 24, 2010 | 11:04:41 | Mercury | 7°11' north of | Venus | 4.9° East |
| November 21, 2010 | 00:50:16 | Mercury | 1°41' south of | Mars | 18.7° East |
| December 13, 2010 | 22:03:19 | Mars | 5°26' south of | Pluto | 12.7° East |
| December 14, 2010 | 03:33:06 | Mercury | 1°02' north of | Mars | 12.7° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 2, 2011 | 13:41:09 | Jupiter | 34' south of | Uranus | 75° East |
| January 18, 2011 | 02:28:33 | Mercury | 4°05' south of | Pluto | 21.9° West |
| February 9, 2011 | 23:24:13 | Venus | 2°20' south of | Pluto | 44.4° West |
| February 20, 2011 | 13:50:48 | Mercury | 1°04' south of | Mars | 3.7° West |
| February 20, 2011 | 17:08:01 | Mercury | 1°41' south of | Neptune | 3.2° West |
| February 20, 2011 | 21:28:33 | Mars | 38' south of | Neptune | 3.4° West |
| March 9, 2011 | 18:00:45 | Mercury | 22' north of | Uranus | 11.1° East |
| March 16, 2011 | 17:25:56 | Mercury | 2°20' north of | Jupiter | 15.7° West |
| March 27, 2011 | 00:37:44 | Venus | 9' south of | Neptune | 36.3° West |
| April 3, 2011 | 17:42:55 | Mars | 14' south of | Uranus | 12.4° West |
| April 10, 2011 | 20:05:01 | Mercury | 3°31' north of | Jupiter | 2.8° West |
| April 19, 2011 | 08:23:49 | Mercury | 47' north of | Mars | 15.4° West |
| April 22, 2011 | 18:50:51 | Venus | 55' south of | Uranus | 30° West |
| May 1, 2011 | 11:04:55 | Mars | 24' north of | Jupiter | 18.2° West |
| May 10, 2011 | 22:46:50 | Mercury | 2°12' south of | Jupiter | 25.3° West |
| May 11, 2011 | 09:14:56 | Venus | 37' south of | Jupiter | 25.7° West |
| May 20, 2011 | 01:17:23 | Mercury | 2°21' south of | Mars | 22.2° West |
| May 22, 2011 | 15:13:00 | Venus | 1°03' south of | Mars | 22.7° West |
| August 15, 2011 | 23:17:56 | Mercury | 6°21' south of | Venus | 1.3° West |
| September 30, 2011 | 11:07:16 | Venus | 1°24' south of | Saturn | 11.8° East |
| October 7, 2011 | 08:58:32 | Mercury | 1°52' south of | Saturn | 6.1° East |
| December 1, 2011 | 08:52:19 | Venus | 5°26' south of | Pluto | 27.2° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 13, 2012 | 08:46:52 | Mercury | 4°34' south of | Pluto | 15.1° West |
| February 10, 2012 | 05:19:14 | Venus | 20' north of | Uranus | 41.3° East |
| February 14, 2012 | 00:40:40 | Mercury | 1°18' south of | Neptune | 5.5° East |
| March 6, 2012 | 23:35:54 | Mercury | 3°05' north of | Uranus | 16.7° East |
| March 15, 2012 | 10:37:46 | Venus | 3°16' north of | Jupiter | 44.6° East |
| March 16, 2012 | 02:11:51 | Mercury | 4°36' north of | Uranus | 8.2° East |
| April 22, 2012 | 02:00:45 | Mercury | 2°08' south of | Uranus | 26.3° West |
| May 22, 2012 | 07:12:01 | Mercury | 24' north of | Jupiter | 6.3° West |
| June 1, 2012 | 20:40:22 | Mercury | 12' north of | Venus | 6.7° East |
| August 17, 2012 | 08:46:15 | Mars | 2°54' south of | Saturn | 60.1° East |
| October 6, 2012 | 07:06:36 | Mercury | 3°29' north of | Saturn | 16.8° East |
| November 27, 2012 | 05:14:02 | Venus | 34' south of | Saturn | 29.0° West |
| November 27, 2012 | 11:19:37 | Mars | 4°33' south of | Pluto | 32.3° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 6, 2013 | 11:38:14 | Mercury | 4°40' south of | Pluto | 7.3° West |
| January 16, 2013 | 20:45:35 | Venus | 3°17' south of | Pluto | 17.3° West |
| February 4, 2013 | 16:05:34 | Mars | 26' south of | Neptune | 16.1° East |
| February 6, 2013 | 20:41:22 | Mercury | 28' south of | Neptune | 13.9° East |
| February 8, 2013 | 21:09:19 | Mercury | 18' north of | Mars | 15.1° East |
| February 24, 2013 | 22:31:25 | Mercury | 4°15' north of | Mars | 11.6° East |
| February 28, 2013 | 08:10:56 | Venus | 46' south of | Neptune | 6.8° West |
| March 6, 2013 | 07:21:59 | Mercury | 5°20' north of | Venus | 5° West |
| March 22, 2013 | 18:23:53 | Mars | 1' north of | Uranus | 5.9° East |
| March 28, 2013 | 17:14:45 | Venus | 43' south of | Uranus | 0.7° East |
| April 6, 2013 | 15:45:52 | Venus | 42' south of | Mars | 2.6° East |
| April 19, 2013 | 21:11:39 | Mercury | 2°02' south of | Uranus | 20.3° West |
| May 7, 2013 | 22:16:22 | Mercury | 26' south of | Mars | 4.6° West |
| May 25, 2013 | 03:52:17 | Mercury | 1°22' north of | Venus | 15° West |
| May 27, 2013 | 09:47:09 | Mercury | 2°22' north of | Jupiter | 17° East |
| May 28, 2013 | 20:39:31 | Venus | 1° north of | Jupiter | 15.9° East |
| June 20, 2013 | 17:37:02 | Mercury | 1°57' south of | Venus | 22° East |
| July 22, 2013 | 05:45:11 | Mars | 47' north of | Jupiter | 23.7° West |
| September 20, 2013 | 00:14:06 | Venus | 3°45' south of | Saturn | 41.7° East |
| October 10, 2013 | 18:40:54 | Mercury | 5°24' north of | Saturn | 23.6° East |
| October 28, 2013 | 21:00:50 | Mercury | 4°06' north of | Saturn | 7.9° East |
| November 15, 2013 | 08:14:35 | Venus | 6°34' south of | Pluto | 46.3° East |
| November 26, 2013 | 03:39:41 | Mercury | 20' south of | Saturn | 17.5° West |
| December 31, 2013 | 05:39:50 | Mercury | 4°34' south of | Pluto | 2.1° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 7, 2014 | 10:28:53 | Mercury | 6°27' south of | Venus | 5.9° East |
| March 22, 2014 | 11:38:46 | Mercury | 1°15' south of | Neptune | 25.7° West |
| April 12, 2014 | 08:19:49 | Venus | 42' north of | Neptune | 45.4° West |
| April 14, 2014 | 16:11:35 | Mercury | 1°23' south of | Uranus | 11.5° West |
| May 15, 2014 | 13:14:02 | Venus | 1°16' south of | Uranus | 39.9° West |
| August 2, 2014 | 16:39:29 | Mercury | 58' north of | Jupiter | 6.5° West |
| August 18, 2014 | 04:08:26 | Venus | 12' north of | Jupiter | 17.9° West |
| August 27, 2014 | 13:16:34 | Mars | 3°34' south of | Saturn | 73.6° East |
| October 17, 2014 | 08:02:46 | Mercury | 2°44' south of | Venus | 1.7° West |
| November 13, 2014 | 09:04:07 | Venus | 1°36' south of | Saturn | 4.8° East |
| November 26, 2014 | 09:01:16 | Mercury | 1°43' south of | Saturn | 6.8° West |
| December 20, 2014 | 15:07:52 | Venus | 3°15' south of | Pluto | 13.9° East |
| December 25, 2014 | 00:33:44 | Mercury | 4°20' south of | Pluto | 9.6° East |
| December 30, 2014 | 07:25:46 | Mercury | 3°44' south of | Venus | 12.6° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 5, 2015 | 16:30:15 | Mercury | 1°40' south of | Venus | 16.1° East |
| January 19, 2015 | 21:33:54 | Mars | 14' south of | Neptune | 36.4° East |
| February 1, 2015 | 11:31:23 | Venus | 50' south of | Neptune | 23.8° East |
| February 21, 2015 | 19:43:28 | Venus | 28' south of | Mars | 28.4° East |
| March 4, 2015 | 19:30:15 | Venus | 6' north of | Uranus | 30.8° East |
| March 11, 2015 | 19:50:33 | Mars | 17' north of | Uranus | 24.1° East |
| March 17, 2015 | 23:40:08 | Mercury | 1°36' south of | Neptune | 19.1° West |
| April 8, 2015 | 09:55:57 | Mercury | 31' south of | Uranus | 1.8° West |
| April 23, 2015 | 07:09:00 | Mercury | 1°23' north of | Mars | 13.7° East |
| May 27, 2015 | 15:20:33 | Mercury | 1°41' south of | Mars | 4.8° East |
| July 1, 2015 | 14:17:16 | Venus | 24' south of | Jupiter | 42.2° East |
| July 16, 2015 | 04:29:03 | Mercury | 8' south of | Mars | 8.9° West |
| July 31, 2015 | 19:47:59 | Venus | 6°26' south of | Jupiter | 19.5° East |
| August 5, 2015 | 08:52:16 | Mercury | 8°11' north of | Venus | 13.1° East |
| August 7, 2015 | 04:04:09 | Mercury | 35' north of | Jupiter | 14.6° East |
| August 29, 2015 | 05:18:53 | Venus | 9°25' south of | Mars | 21.3° West |
| October 17, 2015 | 13:50:10 | Mars | 24' north of | Jupiter | 39.8° West |
| October 26, 2015 | 08:14:32 | Venus | 1°04' south of | Jupiter | 46.4° West |
| November 3, 2015 | 16:08:44 | Venus | 42' south of | Mars | 46.2° West |
| November 25, 2015 | 12:33:25 | Mercury | 2°46' south of | Saturn | 4.3° East |
| December 19, 2015 | 11:57:00 | Mercury | 3°51' south of | Pluto | 17.1° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 9, 2016 | 03:57:19 | Venus | 5' north of | Saturn | 36.3° West |
| January 22, 2016 | 01:22:51 | Mercury | 1°47' south of | Pluto | 15.7° West |
| January 30, 2016 | 09:07:34 | Mercury | 32' north of | Pluto | 23.9° West |
| February 5, 2016 | 22:35:53 | Venus | 1°06' south of | Pluto | 30.3° West |
| March 10, 2016 | 22:12:11 | Mercury | 1°30' south of | Neptune | 10.9° West |
| March 20, 2016 | 13:51:16 | Venus | 32' south of | Neptune | 20.1° West |
| March 31, 2016 | 23:41:55 | Mercury | 38' north of | Uranus | 8.3° East |
| April 22, 2016 | 14:17:27 | Venus | 52' south of | Uranus | 11.7° West |
| May 13, 2016 | 20:49:07 | Mercury | 26' south of | Venus | 6.5° West |
| July 16, 2016 | 17:39:09 | Mercury | 32' north of | Venus | 10.9° East |
| August 25, 2016 | 17:52:42 | Mars | 4°23' south of | Saturn | 97° East |
| August 27, 2016 | 04:57:57 | Mercury | 5°16' south of | Venus | 22.1° East |
| August 27, 2016 | 21:47:56 | Venus | 4' north of | Jupiter | 22.3° East |
| October 11, 2016 | 04:17:47 | Mercury | 52' north of | Jupiter | 11.5° West |
| October 18, 2016 | 22:30:58 | Mars | 3°20' south of | Pluto | 78.7° East |
| October 30, 2016 | 08:25:30 | Venus | 3°02' south of | Saturn | 36.9° East |
| November 24, 2016 | 00:38:02 | Mercury | 3°28' south of | Saturn | 14.8° East |
| November 25, 2016 | 03:22:23 | Venus | 3°29' south of | Pluto | 42.1° East |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 1, 2017 | 06:46:46 | Mars | 1' south of | Neptune | 58.7° East |
| January 13, 2017 | 01:46:45 | Venus | 25' north of | Neptune | 47° East |
| January 29, 2017 | 17:27:59 | Mercury | 1°11' north of | Pluto | 22.1° West |
| February 27, 2017 | 08:20:34 | Mars | 37' north of | Uranus | 43.1° East |
| March 4, 2017 | 05:34:17 | Mercury | 1°08' south of | Neptune | 2.2° West |
| March 16, 2017 | 23:21:32 | Mercury | 9°33' south of | Venus | 9.5° East |
| March 27, 2017 | 05:55:27 | Mercury | 2°25' north of | Uranus | 16.7° East |
| April 28, 2017 | 17:52:58 | Mercury | 9' south of | Uranus | 13.4° West |
| May 7, 2017 | 23:22:48 | Mercury | 2°14' south of | Uranus | 21.8° West |
| June 2, 2017 | 14:41:15 | Venus | 1°47' south of | Uranus | 45.2° West |
| June 28, 2017 | 18:17:30 | Mercury | 47' north of | Mars | 8.7° East |
| September 2, 2017 | 00:07:46 | Mercury | 4°06' south of | Mars | 10.8° West |
| September 16, 2017 | 18:23:28 | Mercury | 3' north of | Mars | 16.9° West |
| October 5, 2017 | 13:25:48 | Venus | 13' north of | Mars | 23.4° West |
| October 18, 2017 | 14:56:38 | Mercury | 1°01' south of | Jupiter | 6.4° East |
| November 13, 2017 | 06:10:03 | Venus | 17' north of | Jupiter | 13.8° West |
| November 28, 2017 | 09:36:06 | Mercury | 3°03' south of | Saturn | 21.1° East |
| December 6, 2017 | 11:29:41 | Mercury | 1°21' south of | Saturn | 13.9° East |
| December 15, 2017 | 16:04:48 | Mercury | 2°14' north of | Venus | 5.9° West |
| December 25, 2017 | 17:49:20 | Venus | 1°08' south of | Saturn | 3.5° West |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 7, 2018 | 03:40:50 | Mars | 13' south of | Jupiter | 58.8° West |
| January 24, 2018 | 17:14:05 | Mercury | 1°33' south of | Pluto | 15.1° West |
| February 21, 2018 | 14:19:55 | Venus | 35' south of | Neptune | 10.5° East |
| February 25, 2018 | 10:07:00 | Mercury | 29' south of | Neptune | 6.9° East |
| March 5, 2018 | 18:28:59 | Mercury | 1°24' north of | Venus | 13.4° East |
| March 18, 2018 | 01:16:29 | Mercury | 3°53' north of | Venus | 16.4° East |
| March 29, 2018 | 0:13:21 | Venus | 4' south of | Uranus | 19° East |
| April 2, 2018 | 11:53:07 | Mars | 1°16' south of | Saturn | 93.7° West |
| April 26, 2018 | 00:01:38 | Mars | 1°25' south of | Pluto | 104.4° West |
| May 12, 2018 | 21:01:21 | Mercury | 2°24' south of | Uranus | 22.2° West |
| October 14, 2018 | 15:20:14 | Mercury | 6°49' north of | Venus | 15.8° East |
| October 30, 2018 | 03:38:40 | Mercury | 3°16' south of | Jupiter | 21.3° East |
| December 7, 2018 | 14:55:51 | Mars | 2' south of | Neptune | 88.3° East |
| December 21, 2018 | 14:43:16 | Mercury | 52' north of | Jupiter | 20.1° West |
| Date | Time UTC | Planet | Angle distance | Planet | Elongation to sun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 13, 2019 | 10:48:09 | Mercury | 1°43' south of | Saturn | 10.1° West |
| January 18, 2019 | 16:22:46 | Mercury | 1°33' south of | Pluto | 7.1° West |
| January 22, 2019 | 05:47:42 | Venus | 2°26' north of | Jupiter | 45.9° West |
| February 13, 2019 | 20:06:54 | Uranus | 1°03' north of | Neptune | 64.4° East |
| February 18, 2019 | 13:54:15 | Venus | 1°05' north of | Saturn | 42.7° West |
| February 19, 2019 | 11:09:52 | Mercury | 46' north of | Neptune | 15.1° East |
| February 23, 2019 | 08:37:56 | Neptune | 1°25' north of | Pluto | 41.9° West |
| March 22, 2019 | 06:18:30 | Mercury | 3°24' north of | Neptune | 13.5° West |
| April 2, 2019 | 18:54:11 | Mercury | 23' north of | Neptune | 25.5° West |
| April 10, 2019 | 03:52:24 | Venus | 18' south of | Neptune | 32.6° West |
| May 8, 2019 | 08:12:50 | Mercury | 1°23' south of | Uranus | 14.1° West |
| May 18, 2019 | 08:12:13 | Venus | 1°09' south of | Uranus | 23.2° West |
| June 18, 2019 | 14:34:40 | Mercury | 14' north of | Mars | 24.4° East |
| July 7, 2019 | 13:33:33 | Mercury | 3°50' south of | Mars | 18.4° East |
| July 24, 2019 | 10:32:05 | Mercury | 5°43' south of | Venus | 5.8° West |
| August 24, 2019 | 12:34:05 | Venus | 19' north of | Mars | 3.1° East |
| September 3, 2019 | 10:44:25 | Mercury | 42' north of | Mars | 1.1° West |
| September 13, 2019 | 21:35:21 | Mercury | 20' south of | Venus | 8.5° East |
| October 30, 2019 | 08:29:03 | Mercury | 2°43' south of | Venus | 20.3° East |
| November 24, 2019 | 14:00:35 | Venus | 1°24' south of | Jupiter | 26.2° East |
| December 11, 2019 | 04:42:34 | Venus | 1°49' south of | Saturn | 30° East |
| December 13, 2019 | 11:36:37 | Venus | 1°09' south of | Pluto | 30.5° East |
